-ING
| ID | End with | Rules | For example (e.g.) |
| 1 | e | End in 'e' - drop the 'e' then add 'ing' | live > living drive > driving joke > joking |
| 2 | ie | End in 'ie': - i > y - drop the 'e' then add 'ing' | lie > lying die > dying |
| 3 | ee, oe, ye | Just add 'ing' | see > seeing, agree > agreeing tiptoe > tiptoeing dye > dyeing |
| 4 | w, x, y | Just add 'ing' | bow /baʊ/ > bowing fix /fiks/ > fixing say /seɪ/ > saying |
| 5 | vowel + consonant | 1. (End in vowel-consonant) + One-syllable word 2. (End in vowel + consonant ) + stress (final syllable) > x2 final cosonant + _ing | 1. put > putting sit > sitting cut > cutting run > running 2. beginning |
| 6 | c | Add a -k + -ing | mimic /ˈmɪm.ɪk/ > mimicking |
| 7 | consonant + vowel + -l | [en] double -l + -ing [us] just add -ing | travel > travelling [en] - traveling [us] |
| 8 | others | Just add 'ing' | rain > raining |
-ED
| ID | End with | Rules | For example (e.g.) |
| 1 | e | End in 'e' - just add 'd' | live > lived agree > agreed like > liked escape > escaped |
| 2 | vowel + consonant | If a verb ends in a vowel and a consonant, the consonant is usually doubled then add 'ed' | stop > stopped plan > planned fit > fitted rag > ragged |
| 3 | consonant + y | If a verb ends in consonant and 'y', you take off the 'y' and add 'ied' | try > tried carry > carried study > studied |
| 4 | vowel + y | if the word ends in a vowel and 'y', you add 'ed' | play > played enjoy > enjoyed |
| 5 | others | Just add 'ed' | watch > watched |
| 6 | and.. irregular verbs | eat > ate go > went ... |
-S/ES
| ID | End with | Rules | For example (e.g.) |
| 1 | have, do, go, be | Have, go, do and be are irregular | have > has do > does go > goes be > is |
| 2 | -ch, -ss, -sh, -x or -zz | add 'es' | watch > watches miss > misses wash > washes mix > mixes buzz > buzzes |
| 3 | consonant + y | When the verb ends in a consonant + -y we change y to i and add -es | try > tries carry > carries study > studies hurry > hurries |
| 4 | vowel + y | When the verb ends in a vowel + -y we just add -s | play > plays enjoy > enjoys pay > pays |
| 5 | others | Just add 's' | come > comes travel > travels eat > eats record > records |
| 6 | and.. (not common) | Ends in -s or -z we double the -s or -z and add -es | quiz > quizzes |